12/28/2023 0 Comments Dispositional optimismConclusions Dispositional optimism is correlated to lower feelings of loneliness over time in older men, independently of depression or changes in social network. A 1 SD increase in baseline dispositional optimism was associated with a 0.14 SD (95% confidence interval 0.04–0.23) lower level of loneliness (F1,320 = 7.8 p = 0.006). Low baseline dispositional optimism was strongly associated with loneliness over time, also in the adjusted analysis. Results Feelings of loneliness significantly increased during 10 years of follow‐up but showed temporal stability (reliability coefficient 0.78). age, living arrangement, social contacts, widowhood, memberships, self‐rated health, and depressive symptoms). The association between baseline dispositional optimism and loneliness over time was tested by using multilevel regression analysis and by adjusting for potential confounders (i.e. The presence of feelings of loneliness, the main outcome of our study, was assessed using the 11‐item loneliness scale of De Jong Gierveld in the years 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2000. Baseline dispositional optimism was assessed using a four‐item questionnaire. 11 Individuals who score high in dispositional optimism generally tend to accentuate the positive and downplay the negative. Methods We observed 416 older men aged between 70 and 89 years (mean 74.9 years, standard deviation (SD) 4.7 years) within the population‐based Zutphen Elderly Study during 10 years of follow‐up. Dispositional optimism refers to the generalized positive expectancy that one will experience good outcomes. We aimed to determine whether dispositional optimism is prospectively associated with less feelings of loneliness, independently of potential confounders inherent to the aging process. However, it remains unclear whether optimism is also correlated to less feelings of loneliness over time. Giltay, Erik J.īackground Dispositional optimism, defined as a generalized tendency to positive outcome expectancies, is associated with well‐being and successful aging. This paper explores the relationship between optimism (and pessimism) and saving decisions, i.e. Accordingly, biased beliefs in risky environments have potentially large effects on saving decisions. Rius‐Ottenheim, Nathaly Kromhout, Daan Mast, Roos C. Dispositional optimists are defined as having a general expectation of good outcomes ( Scheier and Carver, 1987, Scheier et al., 1994 ). However, LOT-R data (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) generally appeared bidimensional as a number of studies suggest a twocorrelated- factor model representing optimism and pessimism. This type of coping behavior likely links optimism to mental health and well-being.Dispositional optimism and loneliness in older men Dispositional optimism and loneliness in older men Dispositional optimism was originally construed as unidimensional (Scheier & Carver, 1992). Expecting positive outcomes, dispositional optimists display higher motivation and persistence in goal pursuit, and when encountering obstacles or stressors they tend to engage in active, approach-type coping strategies aiming to manage or overcome. This positive outcome expectancy has been linked with better psychological well-being and mental health in the form of less distress, better adjustment and quality of life, better life satisfaction, better social support, and also less anxiety and depression. This type of coping behavior likely links optimism to mental health and well-being.ĪB - Dispositional optimists expect more good things to happen to them than bad. ![]() N2 - Dispositional optimists expect more good things to happen to them than bad. T1 - Optimism, Motivation, and Mental Health
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